Development of a Robot Arm Using Electromagnet as End Effector To Carry Out Pick and Drop Operation

Abstract

Owing to labor issues in industry, such as pick and drop operation of hazardous and heavy materials, there is a need to procure an autonomous solution. This article shows the creation and use of a model robotic arm that uses a magnetic gripper to load and unload light metal sheets. Two servo motors operate as actuators to control the arm's movement and the wrist's alignment. An Arduino microprocessor controls the arm, while a DC power source powers the electromagnet. To depict how the actual system will seem, the design was created using CAD software. This was subsequently physically applied to a functional system. The physical system is created through the combination of several components, and the electrical control system utilized an Arduino Uno microcontroller, for which a program was generated using the Arduino IDE to direct the movement of the servo motors and regulate the electromagnet. According to the results of the experiments, the robotic arm equipped with a magnetic end effector is capable of picking and dropping objects with a high degree of accuracy and effectiveness. The creation of a robot manipulator using an electromagnet as the end effector for pick and drop operations is discussed in this study, offering a practical solution for sectors that need to do repetitive tasks.

Keywords — Actuators, Electromagnet end effector, Industrial Automation, Microcontroller,

Magnetic Gripper, Robotic Arm, Simulation.